Heraldry
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Tincture is considered to encompass colors, metals and furs. In colored displays of arms, tincture is fairly self-evident.

However, in black and white representations of arms (such as most bookplates), the tincture of the various aspects must be represented through hatching (i.e., patterns of lines and dots). These hatching patterns are shown below.  Silver is represented as solid white as a hatching and not as a color.

? Metals: or (gold), argent (silver)

? Colors: azure (blue), gules (red), sable (black), sable-alternate, sanguine (blood red), purpure (purple), tenn?(orange), vert (green)

? Furs: ermine, potent, vair

Of the various tinctures, the fur vair requires some additional description. Vair is traditionally argent and azure (i.e., silver and blue). If no colors are mentioned in the blazoning, it is assumed to be done with those traditional tinctures. When the pattern appears in other tinctures, it is said to be vairy. For example, if the patterns shown are dots and vertical stripes, the object so drawn is blazoned vairy or and gules.

It is traditional in heraldry that the design should always be such that color is not laid upon color, nor metal upon metal. While this rule is not universally adhered to, it is generally the case that a shield will have either metal charges upon a colored background, or colored charges upon a metal background.

 
Metals
  or - Gold  Argent - Silver  

Colors

azure - blue
gules - red
Sable - black
sable alternate
sanguine - blood red
purpure - purple
Tenne - Orange

Vert Green		            

Furs

Ermine
Ermines
Erminois
Pean
Potent
Counter Potent
Vair

counter vair
Vair in Pale
Vair en Pointe
 Alternate Vair
checked vair (or may be)
vairy sable-argent-gules-or		    

  From "a Treatise on Heraldry British and Foreign"

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