mtDNA Results - Last update 12/28/2006
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Name Haplo Group HVR1 HVR2
Mrs. Renate Elisabeth Fries Ogle H3 311C,519C 263G,315.1C,522-,523- 
Renate does not know where her Grandmother (matriarch) came from.
12/28/2006
If you have a “low resolution” match, that means that this person shares a common ancestor with you sometime in the last 50 generations [Sometime in the last 1250 years or 734 to 1984 if they are 20 years old today - ed].  This is found by looking at just one section of your mtDNA, named HVR1.   A high resolution or HVR2 match would mean that you share an ancestor sometime in the last 30 generations [So you would match in the years 734 – 1234 - ed].
 
In the mtDNA Search section FTM runs an anonymous search, which means that if there are any people in our database who match to you but they did not sign the release form, you’ll be able to at least see where they come from, if they told us.
 
The mtDNA Results section is where we tell you the raw data we got from the tests.  First, we list your haplogroup and the mutational differences between your DNA and the “Cambridge Reference Sequence” or CRS.  The CRS is simply the first mtDNA results scientists ever got, and the sequence to which all others are compared.  The mutations mean nothing until you compare them with others’ (as we do for you in the matches and search sections).  We can also find out your ethnic and geographic origins by comparing your mtDNA to those obtained from other people all over the world.  Your “haplogroup” is a scientific grouping of people by their DNA.  People with the same DNA tend to come from the same places. 
 
mtDNA Results:  Your Haplogroup and mutations relative to the Cambridge Reference Sequence (CRS) are shown below. A value of CRS indicates no mutations. High resolution (HVR2) results are shown only if you have requested the mtDNA Refine test.
 
Understanding your results
01 - Haplogroup H3
HVR1 16311C 16519C
HVR2 00263G 00315.1C 00522- 00523-
01 - Renate E Fries Ogle -   -  Updated 12/28/2006

4/11/2005  -  Of interest may be that matches are now made from the following regions:  Rene does not know where her Grandmother (mothers line) came from. 
A perfect match should be a first cousin.
 
H3 British Isles (289) - 1
H3 England (4298) - 6
H3 Finland (675) - 4
H3 Germany - 2
H3 Ireland (3977) - 5
H3 Scotland (1131) - 1
H3 Spain (705) - 1
H3 Sweden (925) - 1
H3 Ukraine (684) - 1
H3 United Kingdom (3927) - 2

 Haplogroup Description

H  Specific mitochondrial haplogroups are typically found in different regions of the world, and this is due to unique population histories. In the process of spreading around the world, many populations—with their special mitochondrial haplogroups—became isolated, and specific haplogroups concentrated in geographic regions. Today, we have identified certain haplogroups that originated in Africa, Europe, Asia, the islands of the Pacific, the Americas, and even particular ethnic groups. Of course, haplogroups that are specific to one region are sometimes found in another, but this is due to recent migration.

Mitochondrial haplogroup H is a predominantly European haplogroup that participated in a population expansion beginning approximately 30,000 years ago. Today, about 40% of all mitochondrial lineages in Europe are classified as haplogroup H. It is rather uniformly distributed throughout Europe suggesting a major role in the peopling of Europe. Its oldest lineages are found in the Near East and the Caucasus, suggesting an origin or early arrival in these areas before migration into Europe. More information about haplogroup H and its branches can be found here.

Copyright 2003 Genealogy by Genetics, Ltd.
USAGE POLICY: Use of the above Haplogroup description requires written permission from Genealogy by Genetics.

(Ed's note:  Given that glaciation was still dominent in the Alps and far northern Europe for another 20,000 years after origination of the Haplogroup H, it does seem reasonable that shore hugging boats would be the best mode of travel, for what ever the reason.  Read about the Centre of the Neolithic culture of the Danubian region Belgrade, 1990:

See http://groups.msn.com/AncientWisdomCulturesPeople/vincaculture1.msnw ).
 Cambridge Reference Sequence

The mitochondrion sequenced in 1981 became known as the Cambridge Reference Sequence (CRS) and has been used as a basis for comparison with your mtDNA. In other words, any place in your mtDNA where you have a difference from the CRS, is characterized as a mutation. If your results show no mutations at all, it means that your mtDNA matches the CRS. A mutation happens a) when a base replaces another base - for example a C (Cytosine) replaces an A (Adenine), b) when a base is no longer in that position and c) when a new base is inserted between the other bases without replacing any other. Those mutations are represented below according to the following color code:

a) Mutation at position: RED       b) Mutation Deleted: Strike       c) Mutation Inserted: Green

As a way to make it possible to display all the positions that are included in your test, please note that when you see "ATTCTAATTT" under 16010, it actually means that 16001 has an A (Adenine), 16002 has a T (Thymine), 16003 has a T (Thymine), 16004 has a C (Cytosine) and so on... Therefore, if your table of mutations above would show "192A" it means that you should see the 3rd "C" under 16192 replaced by a "A".
Understanding Your Results: mtDNA Matches
An extract from FTDNA news letter

Both males and females inherit mtDNA, and only females pass on mtDNA. Your mtDNA represents your direct female line, which would be your mother, her mother, and so forth. Therefore, both males and females can take the mtDNA test, to learn about their direct female line. Your mtDNA can be traced back thousands or 10's of thousands of years to a specific Haplogroup. Your mtDNA Haplogroup defines which of these females was your very distant ancestor, popularly known as Daughter of Eve or Clan Mother.

There are two mtDNA tests available from Family Tree DNA:
mtDNA
mtDNA Plus

The test called mtDNA will test one region of mtDNA providing the results for this region, and identifying your Haplogroup. The mtDNA Plus test includes the mtDNA test, and also tests a second region of mtDNA. These regions of mtDNA tested are called HVR-1 and HVR-2. HVR stands for Hyper Variable Region, and is known interchangeable as Hyper Variable Segment, or HVS.

HRV1 and HVR2 known as the 'control region' are areas of mtDNA that contain no personal information (i.e. HVR-1 and 2 are not part of the 'coding region') and have the fastest rate of change, or mutation, of any region in mtDNA. That is why the Anthropological community has focused on them for population genetics.

Even though HRV1 and HVR2 provide the fastest mutation rates for mtDNA, the rate of change is much slower than the Markers tested on Y DNA.  Because of this the mtDNA test is often called an anthropology test, since mtDNA mutates very slowly. For this reason, only exact matches are provided when you click the "mtDNA Matches" selection on your Personal Pages at Family Tree DNA.  Simply put miss matches on mtDNA have no potential for genealogical value.

Since mtDNA mutates very slowly, if you are interested in finding matches to others, or using mtDNA for genealogy purposes, it is important to take the mtDNAPlus test. If you have already taken the mtDNA test (formerly known as Maternal Match), you can upgrade to the mtDNA Plus test. The addition of testing the second mtDNA region, HVR-2, will shorten the lengthy time frame of any matches. If you have taken the mtDNA test, you can easily upgrade to the DNAPlus test. On your Personal Page at Family Tree DNA, click on the link 'Order Tests'.

If you only take the mtDNA test, those who you match randomly are most likely not related in any genealogical time frame. If you are looking to find others who are related in a genealogical time frame, then it is essential to take the mtDNA Plus test.

The chart below shows the time frame of the common ancestor for a random match.


Test                Time frame of common ancestor for a match
==========    ==================================
mtDNA             50% of the time, 52 generations or less
mtDNAPlus        50% of the time, 28 generations or less

These time frames are for random matches. When you are utilizing mtDNA testing for genealogical purposes, you have identified the ancestors or potential ancestors, so the time frames shown above are not relevant.

The results for a mtDNA test tell you about your most distant female ancestor, who might be popularly known as a Clan Mother. You can take a mtDNA test to learn about your direct female line. If you are at all interested in finding genealogically relevant mtDNA matches, it is important to take the mtDNA Plus test.

For more information about mtDNA testing, see the last issue of Facts & Genes:

 http://www.familytreeDNA.com/facts_genes.asp?act=show&nk=3.1
 
Read the book "The Seven Daughters of Eve" by Bryan Sykes, W.W. Norton and Company.  The author speculates convencingly that there were seven Mothers whose mtDNA made it from about

I have decided not to put my actual data on my web - As soon as I understand this stuff I will writeup a report.

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