Tracing Oghgul - Migration with Y-DNA  - Updated 3/5/2011
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  Mapping " R1b ", "R1a" & "I" Haplogroup in
 Europe
  		 Latest tracing of R Haplogroup - subject to change at any time

 
 My Ancestors path as detailed by my current DNA markers on 7/25/2011

FTDNA expanded their markers which expanded my Haplogroup.

My current group is now R1b1a2a1a1b,   Called R P312

Re-expansion of the human species after the great eruption produced the first "R" haplogroup.
Expansion of "R" Haplogroup :  M207- first R, M173-1, M343-b, P25-1, P297*-a, M269-2, L23*-a, L150*-1, L51*-a, L11-1, P312-b giving R1b1a2a1a1b

A current interactive map can be found on your personal FTDNA page.  Select "Haplotree" from the Y-DNA group at the left of your screen.  At the top of the displayed screen select "migration map".




 
Haplogroup BT:  The first split among Y-Chromosome Adam’s descendants crated Haplogroups A and BT.  BT ultimately became the parent haplogroup of most African and Non-African Lineages. Haplogroup CT is the second split consists of those descendants of Y-Chromosome Adam who did not belong to groups A or B eventually parented one other major African and all non-African lineages.
 		 Haplogroup CF is the third split and three branches emerged from the CT Group, DE and C, F.  C, F in turn split into group C, which traveled out of Africa along the coastal route, and F, which journeyed into the Middle East
 

Haplogroup F: Levant, people following the herds thru a stretch of savanna in their second migration out of Africa.  Group F was born during or after this migration and is the parent of most non-African branches.

 Haplogroup K: Asia.  The Main branch off F is K and K is the parent of several groups found in Europe, East Asia, and Polynesia.  Most remaining lineage are found at low frequency in Eastern Asia and the Pacific Haplogroup P: Central Asia:  P is one of the branches of K and is the parent of groups Q and R.  It likely split from K in Central Asia.  To date no members of P have been found who do not belong to Q or R.
Haplogroup R was born in Central Asia: R is the second branch of P and is divided into two major lineages: R1 and R2.  Remaining descendants of R who do not belong to these two branches journeyed south into the Indian Subcontinent. Haplogroup R1 was born in Central Asia and in turn split into branches of R1a and R1b somewhere in Central Asia.  R1a, R1b, and the remaining R1 lineages migrated west and settled Europe. Haplogroup R1a was born in Eastern Europe and while R1a can be found throughout Europe and Scandinavia R1a is the most frequent group among Eastern Europeans.
Haplogroup R1b was born in Central Asia and journeyed into Europe then spread and multiplied until its lineages can be found through Europe and until it became the most frequent group in Western Europe.   Haplogroup R2 split from R and journeyed south into the Indian Subcontinent.  R2 lineages can also be found in nearby countries and a few overtime have migrated into the Middle East.
  From the Genographic Project's maps:  From 200,000 to 60,000 years ago the earth was in a warming period.  There was an icecap over the Scandinavian regions of Europe northward.  There may have been open water passage thru the Arctic Circle above Northern Canada, but the ice may have also opened a huge area to the ocean that does not exist today.  Iceland appears to be covered with ice.
From 60,000 to 55,000 BC the ice caps have exposed a huge new land mass around the world.  There may have been an ice cap over the Northern tip of the British Isles.  
From 55,000 to 45,000 a warming period has allowed the ocean to reclaim the previously exposed land, the British Isles are back to todays land size.
From 45,000 to 30,000 there is still a small ice cap in England and the Scandinavian region along with much of North America and the southern tip of South America is still covered with ice.
From 30,000 to 15,000 BC a serious Ice age has reestablished.   Land not under ice has been exposed around the world, but the ice now covers much more land mass.  The British isles are ice capped, land from Scandinavia to Northern Russia are capped, much of the Himalayas are ice capped, pockets of ice cover is spotted in Asia, the Barents Sea area is covered and ice has expanded farther North and south in North America, and in South America.
From 15,000 to 10,000 BC New warming period has started - Ice has given back the Himalayas, regions in Asia and much of Northern Europe.
From 10,000 to present:  All ice has gone, except for Iceland, the arctic and Antarctic.  The oceans have reclaimed the land previously exposed by the ice.
    Posted 9/4/2011
M42  About 79000 years ago the greatest volcanic explosion known to science within the last 200,000 years occurred, mankind came close to extinction.

Eurasian-Adam or Y-Chromosome Adam according to FTDNA, is the surviving male that passed the M42 marker to all future males.  "Adam's" descendants identified by the mutation M42 lived on the plains of East Africa some 80,000 years ago.  He is the ancestor of the overwhelming majority of males today because it is his progeny who "founded" all Haplogroups B through R.  Only Haplogroup A, which until fairly recently was confined to sub-Saharan Africa, does not carry M42.  Otherwise, all the folk of Africa and all the other continents are descended from M42 and, like ourselves, carry his mutation.  It is believed that many of his descendants pushed their way to the African coasts and up into what is now the Sahara (which was then grassland) probably following the migrating herds North. 

For an interesting web site in it's own right check here http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~patrak01/dnaKrausancient_story.htm
                                           
  M168 M168 predates the "Out of Africa" migration and occurred between 79000-31000 years ago.  One must wonder if this great explosion set the impetus for the mutation that became M168 which is the first common marker of all non-African men;   The base Y-chromosome moved out of the Great Riff Valley of north east Africa*, crossing what was probably a very shallow red sea, or followed the coast line of the Red Sea Northward.  Some stayed in the area of Israel, Syria, and northern Iran while others went south and eastward through India, then farther east and island hopped into Australia.

*Volcanic valley formed by a rift running about 5,000 miles from the Jordan Valley through the Red Sea to central Mozambique in southeast Africa. For most of its length the Rift Valley has a width of some 35 miles and, in highland areas especially, is bounded by inward-facing escarpments with a height which often reaches 1,500–3,000 ft. It is marked by a series of lakes, including Lake Turkana, and volcanoes, such as Mount Kilimanjaro. The rift system associated with the Rift Valley extends into northern Botswana, with geological faults controlling the location of the Okavango Delta.
FTDNA Equivalent:  Adam—original Y-DNA
                                           
    M89 About 45,000 years ago M89 emerged from M168 in North Africa or the Middle East and marks 90% to 95% of all non-African males.  These were the first people to leave Africa and eventually a branch reached Australia.  While many stayed in the Middle East others followed the game into the vast steppes of central Asia.  One branch continued into Iran and the Balkans.  About 40,000 years ago a climate reversal began a new ice period, African came into drought and the grasslands that supported so much game reverted to desert, for the next 20,000 years the gateway thru the Sahara was closed. 
FTDNA Equivalent: 
                                           
      M9 40,000 years ago a man with the M9 mutation emerged from M89 somewhere on the plains of Iran or southern central Asia.  It was the descendants of M9 that was to expand their range to the ends of the earth over the next 30,000 years.  We will call them the Eurasian clan.  They followed the herds across the steppes until stopped by the mountain ranges of Central Asia -- the Hindu Kush, the Tian Shan, and the Himalayas.  Here they split with one group going North into Central Asia while others went South into the Indian subcontinent producing a new branch.
FTDNA Equivalent: 
                                           
        M45 The last major branch derived from "N" is the "R" branch which arose 50,000 years ago in the Levant or Central Asia and is the parent to several other European and Asian Haplogroups.   Members of "R" are found in Western Asia and Southern Asia.  Encompasses P,Q,R Haplogroups:  Q is the path to America now called Amerindians.  35,000 years ago M45 emerged from M9 in a man born in Central Asia. Part of the Clan that moved north of the Hindu Kush mountains onto the Steppes in the area of present day Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and southern Siberia.  This Central Asian Clan member is the ancestor of most Europeans and almost all Amerindians.
                                           
  .       M207 R:  30,000 years ago M207 emerged from M45 in a man of the Central Asian Clan.  This man is the ancestor of almost all Europeans.  This group split into two groups and while most began the colonization of Europe, a number found their way into India, where archeologist believe a large migration from the steppes into India occurred within the last 10,000 years.  The "R" linage is found in India, Pakistan, and Central Asia.
FTDNA Equivalent: R
                                           
  .         M173 R1: 30,000 years ago M173 emerged from M207.  Born in a man of the Central Asian Clan.  During this time the Eurasian Steppe lands ran from Germany and possibly France to Korea and China.  Part of the Aurignacian culture, they developed more weapons, equipment, and skills.  20,000 years ago the glaciers forced our ancestors to move south into warmer climes.  During the warming that began about 12,000 years ago our people moved back into the northern regions.  This marker is carried by most men in Western Europe.   England is 70%.  Most found in Spain and Ireland at 90%.  Most Europeans are Cro-Magnon on both mtDNA & YDNA.
FTDNA Equivalent:  R1
                                           
              M343 R1b: Around 30,000 years ago M343 emerged from M173.  They are directly descended from of the Cro-Magnon people.  They are at 70% in England, while at 90% in Spain and Ireland.  In parts of north-western Ireland it reaches 98%.  During the last ice age they moved into the warmer climate of Spain, Italy, and the Balkans.  When the ice receded they moved West and North.  There are many sub-lineages in R1b that are not yet well defined.
                                           
                P25 R1b1: The majority of R1b fits into this group and are most frequent in men in Western Europe and many in parts of the Americas.  P25 is not yet know to the IBM/Geographic Genome project. 
--  P-25 has been re-assigned from R1b to R1b1, and M343 is now the node of the tree in-between R1 and R1b1. 
---  My specific Haplogroup definition will be automatically updated in the future as the tree evolves.
                                           
                  P297 R1b1a - this is a newly projected branch presumed
                                           
                    M269 R1b1a2: The majority of R1b1-carriers of European descent belong to this subclade.  M269 is not yet know to the IBM/Geographic Genome project.
                                           
                      L23 Presumed R1b1a2a
                                           
                        L150 Presumed R1b1a2a1
                                           
                          L51 Presumed R1b1a2a1a
                                           
                            L11 R1b1a2a1a1
                                           
                              P312 R1b1a2a1a1b
                                           
                                           
                                           
This color denotes the Y-chromosome SNPs leading to Haplogroup R. 
This color denotes the Y-chromosome path of R, leading to my lineage at R1b1a2a1a1b.
The first time I tested, the FTDNA assigned me to the R1 group.  Following the initial test, I expanded to 37 markers, then to 67 and was assigned to the R1b1c group.  After having my deep glade test made I was again assigned to subclade R1b1c1, this group has since been converted and I am now listed in R1b1b2.

On 11/07/2008 I received notice that a new set of subclades have been discovered and I am being tested for them, the plot thickens.

I am a bit confused, I find the route of R1 shown as different from R1b which doesn't seem possible.   This new info is surprising, in that R1b is now shown as coming from the Asian Steps via a northern route.

I am still somewhat leery of this new data because I carry the markers of the Atlantic modal Haplotype - that suggest a close proximity to the Atlantic coastal regions.  18% of the European population, and nearly 33% in Portugal are of the AMH.

R1b1a2.  M269.

The R1b1a2 (M269) subclade is most prominent representative of the R1b branch and is abundant over Western Europe, especially in Atlantic coastal countries.  Nearly 90% of Basques carry this subclade and downstream or derivative subclades have been detected among this population: e.g. R1b1b12a2c (M153) and R1b1b12a2d (M167).   These latter subclades are likely to have originated in the Basques. 
TMRCA for R1b1b12a2c (M153) is quite ancient: 18-21kya. 
TMRCA for R1b1b2 (M269) in Sardinia was estimated at 23kya and in Sweden at 9kya.  The R1b1b2/M269 is the most common subclade in the U.S. due to its hegemony in Western Europe and the latter’s colonization of the Americas.  A glacial refuge of the R1b1b2/M269 subclade has been suggested to lie in Anatolia (Turkey) and may have entered this region via the Bosporus Isthmus.  The presence of R1b in Lebanon is linked to European invasion during the Crusades (11th – 13th centuries AD and likely typified by the so called WES1 modal Haplotype) and Muslim expansion (beginning in the 7th century AD).

R1b1a2/M269 is also found in India and in Iran and is somewhat higher in the North vs. South for both locations.  R1b1a2 is present in Africa and the United States and it is apparent that as a prolific subclade, this Y-chromosome has traveled extensively.


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